This is a sample lockout/tag-out procedure that could be used in a
company’s electrical safety program. The sample procedure is based on
requirements that are found in NFPA 70E, Standard for Electrical Safety
Requirements for Employee Workplaces. OSHA regulations identify
lockout/tag-out requirements in several different sections. Basic OSHA
lockout/tag-out requirements are contained in 29 CFR 1910.147. Lockout
and tag-out are also addressed in 29 CFR 1910.333, 1910.269, and 1926
Subpart K. Other consensus standards also contain lockout and tag-out
requirements and concerns. While each of these standards is founded in
reality, differences are significant. These differences often result in
confusion and misunderstanding of the lockout/tag-out process.
The sample procedure provided here is intended to address all the
requirements from these regulations and standards from the perspective
of exposure to electrical hazards. This procedure can be used for
individual employee control or simple lockout/tag-out situations. Where
a job/task is under the control of one person, the individual employee
control procedure can be used in lieu of a lockout/tag-out procedure.
The sample procedure can also be used as part of a complex
lockout/tag-out, but a more comprehensive plan should be developed,
documented, and utilized. Employees must understand the content of the
company’s lockout/tag-out procedure before it can be effective. They
must be trained to understand both the requirements and the reason for
each requirement before the procedure is implemented. The following
sample procedure will assist employers in developing written procedures
for controlling employees’ exposure to electrical energy hazards. |
This procedure establishes the minimum requirements
for lockout (tag-out) of electrical energy sources. It is to be used to
ensure that conductors and circuit parts are disconnected from sources
of electrical energy, locked (tagged), and tested before work begins
where employees could be exposed to dangerous conditions. Sources of
stored energy, such as capacitors or springs, shall be relieved of their
energy. A mechanism shall be engaged to prevent re-accumulation of
energy.
1. Review drawings
Review current diagrammatic drawings (or other equally
effective means), tags, labels, and signs to identify and locate all
disconnecting means to determine that power is interrupted by a physical
break and not a circuit interlock. Make a list of disconnecting means to
be locked (tagged).
2. Review disconnecting means
Review disconnecting means to determine adequacy of
their interrupting ability. Determine if it will be possible to verify a
visible open point, or if other precautions will be necessary.
3. Review other work activity
Review other work activity to identify where and how
other personnel might be exposed to sources of electrical energy
hazards. Review other energy sources in the physical area to determine
employee exposure to sources of other types of energy. Establish energy
control methods for control of other hazardous energy sources in the
area.
4. Provide voltage detector
Provide an adequately rated voltage detector to test
each phase conductor or circuit part to verify that they are
de-energized.
5. Ground phase conductors or circuit parts
Where the possibility of induced voltages or
stored electrical energy exists, call for grounding the phase conductors
or circuit parts before touching them. Where it could be reasonably
anticipated that contact with other exposed energized conductors or
circuit parts is possible, call for applying ground-connecting devices.
6. INDIVIDUAL EMPLOYEE CONTROL PROCEDURE
The individual employee control procedure can be used
when equipment with exposed conductors and circuit parts is deenergized
for minor maintenance, servicing, adjusting, cleaning, inspection
operating corrections, and the like. Under this procedure, the work
shall be permitted to be performed without the placement of
lockout/tagout devices on the disconnecting means, provided the
disconnecting means is adjacent to the conductor, circuit parts, and
equipment on which the work is performed. In addition, the disconnecting
means must be clearly visible to all employees involved in the work, and
the work must not extend beyond the work shift.
SEQUENCE OF LOCKOUT (TAGOUT) SYSTEM
PROCEDURES
1. Notify employees
Notify the employees that a lockout (tagout) system is
going to be implemented and the reason therefore. The qualified employee
implementing the lockout (tagout) shall know the disconnecting means
location for all sources of electrical energy and the location of all
sources of stored energy. The qualified person shall be knowledgeable of
hazards associated with electrical energy.
2. De-energize and disconnect
If the electrical supply is energized, the qualified
person shall de-energize and disconnect the electric supply and relieve
all stored energy.
3. Use lockout devices
Lock out all disconnecting means with lockout devices.
Note: For tag-out, one additional safety
measure must be employed, such as opening, blocking, or removing an
additional circuit element.
4. Operate the disconnecting means
Attempt to operate the disconnecting means to
determine that operation is prohibited.
5. Use a voltage-detecting instrument
Use a voltage-detecting instrument. (See 12.3.)
Inspect the instrument for visible damage. Do not proceed if there is an
indication of damage to the instrument until an undamaged device is
available.
6. Verify before testing
Verify proper instrument operation and then test for
absence of voltage.
7. Verify after testing
Verify proper instrument operation after testing for
absence of voltage.
8. Install grounding equipment
Where required, install grounding
equipment/conductor device on the phase conductors or circuit parts, to
eliminate induced voltage or stored energy, before touching them. Where
it has been determined that contact with other exposed energized
conductors or circuit parts is possible, apply ground-connecting devices
rated for the available fault duty.
The equipment and/or electrical source is now locked
out (tagged out).
RESTORING THE EQUIPMENT AND/OR ELECTRICAL
SUPPLY TO NORMAL CONDITION
1. Verify
After the job/task is complete, visually verify that
the job/task is complete.
2. Remove tools
Remove all tools, equipment, and unused materials and
perform appropriate housekeeping.
3. Remove grounding equipment
Remove all grounding equipment/conductor/devices.
4. Notify personnel
Notify all personnel involved with the job/task that
the lockout (tag-out) is complete, that the electrical supply is being
restored, and to remain clear of the equipment and electrical supply.
5. Perform quality control
Perform any quality control tests/checks on the
repaired/replaced equipment and/or electrical supply.
6. Remove lockout devices
Lockout devices shall be removed by the person who
installed them.
7. Notify owner
Notify the equipment and/or electrical supply owner
that the equipment and/or electrical supply is ready to be returned to
normal operation.
8. Return to normal
Return the disconnecting means to their normal
condition.
■ 8.0 PROCEDURE INVOLVING MORE THAN ONE PERSON
1. Personal lockout
For a simple lockout/tag-out and where more than one
person is involved in the job/task, each person shall install his/her
own personal lockout (tag-out) device.
PROCEDURE INVOLVING MORE THAN ONE
SHIFT
1. Successive shifts
When the lockout (tag-out)
extends for more than one day, the lockout (tag-out) shall be verified
to be still in place at the beginning of the next day. Where the lockout
(tag-out) is continued on successive shifts, the lockout (tag-out) is
considered to be a complex lockout (tag-out).
2. Communication
For complex lockout (tag-out), the person-in-charge
shall identify the method for transfer of the lockout (tag-out) and of
communication with all employees.
COMPLEX LOCKOUT
1. Require a complex plan
A complex lockout/tag-out plan is required where one
or more of the following exist:
-
Multiple energy sources (more than one)
-
Multiple crews
-
Multiple crafts
-
Multiple locations
-
Multiple employers
-
Unique disconnecting means
-
Complex or particular switching sequences
-
The task continues for more than one shift and involves new workers
2. Prepare written plan
All complex lockout/tag-out procedures shall require a
written plan of execution.
3. Name person-in-charge
A person-in-charge shall be named to oversee a complex
lockout/tag-out procedure.
4. Assign duties
The person-in-charge shall develop a written plan of
execution and communicate that plan to all persons engaged in the
job/task. The person-in-charge shall be held accountable for safe
execution of the complex lockout/tag-out plan. The complex
lockout/tag-out plan must address all the concerns of employees who
might be exposed, and those employees must understand how electrical
energy is controlled. The person-in-charge shall ensure that each person
understands the hazards to which they are exposed and the safety-related
work practices they are to use.
5. Track personnel
All complex lockout/tag-out plans identify the method
to account for all persons who might be exposed to electrical hazards in
the course of the lockout/tag-out. Select which of the following methods
is to be used:
-
Each individual will install his or her own personal lockout or
tag-out device.
-
The person-in-charge shall lock his/her key in a “lock box.”
-
The person-in-charge shall maintain a sign in/out log for all
personnel entering the area.
-
Another equally effective methodology.
6. Assign installation
The person-in-charge can install locks/tags or direct
their installation on behalf of other employees.
7. Assign removal
The person-in-charge can remove locks/tags or direct
their removal on behalf of other employees only after all personnel are
accounted for and ensured to be clear of potential electrical hazards.
8. Identify transfer and communication methods
(complex)
Where the complex lockout (tag-out) is continued on
successive shifts, the person-in-charge shall identify the method for
transfer of the lockout and of communication with all employees.
9. Identify transfer and communication methods
(simple)
For a simple lockout/tag-out and where more than one
person is involved in the job/task, each person shall install his/her
own personal lockout (tag-out) device.
DISCIPLINE
1. Define action for procedure violation
Knowingly violating this procedure will result in a
disciplinary action.
2. Define action for disconnecting means
violation
Knowingly operating a disconnecting means with an
installed lockout device (tag-out device) will result in disciplinary
actions.
■ 12.0 EQUIPMENT
1. Identify types of locks, determine the type
and model of selected locks.
2. Identify types of tags, determine the type
to be used.
3. Identify voltage-detecting device(s) or meters to approved to test
voltages.
LOCKOUT/TAGOUT TRAINING
Recommended training may include, but is not limited
to, the following:
-
Recognizing lockout/tag-out devices
-
Installing lockout/tag-out devices
-
Duty of employer in writing procedures
-
Duty of employee in executing procedures
-
Duty of person-in-charge
-
Authorized and unauthorized removal of locks/tags
-
Enforcing execution of lockout/tag-out procedures
-
Individual employee control of energy
-
Simple lockout/tag-out
-
Complex lockout/tag-out
-
Using single-line and diagrammatic drawings to identify sources of
energy
-
Use of tags and warning signs
-
Release of stored energy
-
Personnel accounting methods
-
Grounding needs/requirements
-
Safe use of voltage-detecting instruments
Notice:
The information above is for your reference only. It has been complied
here for your information. Any used of the policies and procedures
contained herein is done at your own responsibilities. ITU or its
affiliates are not responsible for the use or outcome from the use of
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